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- ********************************************
- * Thiamine pyrophosphate enzymes signature *
- ********************************************
-
- A number of enzymes require thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) (vitamin B1) as a
- cofactor. It has been shown [1] that some of these enzymes are structurally
- related. These related TPP enzymes are:
-
- - Pyruvate oxidase (POX) (EC 1.2.3.3)
- Reaction catalyzed: pyruvate + orthophosphate + O(2) + H(2)O = acetyl
- phosphate + CO(2) + H(2)O(2).
- - Pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) (EC 4.1.1.1)
- Reaction catalyzed: pyruvate = acetaldehyde + CO(2).
- - Indolepyruvate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.74) [2]
- Reaction catalyzed: indole-3-pyruvate = indole-3-acetaldehyde + CO(2).
- - Acetolactate synthase (ALS) (EC 4.1.3.18)
- Reaction catalyzed: 2 pyruvate = acetolactate + CO(2).
- - Benzoylformate decarboxylase (BFD) (EC 4.1.1.7) [3]
- Reaction catalyzed: benzoylformate = benzaldehyde + CO(2).
-
- As a signature pattern for these enzymes we have selected a conserved region
- which is located in their C-terminal section.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVMF]-[GSA]-x(5)-P-x(4)-[LIVMF]-x-[LIVMF]-x-G-D-[GSA](2)
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for Hanseniaspora uvarum and maize PDC.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: a hypothetical protein in the puf
- phothosynthesis operon of Rhodobacter capsulatus; this protein could be a TPP
- enzyme.
-
- -Note: other TPP enzymes such as the E1 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase
- complex, 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase, and
- transketolase do not seem to be related to the above enzymes.
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Green J.B.A.
- FEBS Lett. 246:1-5(1989).
- [ 2] Koga J., Adachi T., Hidaka H.
- Mol. Gen. Genet. 226:10-16(1991).
- [ 3] Tsou A.Y., Ransom S.C., Gerlt J.A., Buechter D.D., Babbitt P.C.,
- Kenyon G.L.
- Biochemistry 29:9856-9862(1990).
-